The National Assembly on Tuesday passed the Appropriation Bill, approving about R1.2 trillion in allocations to national government departments and institutions for the 2026/27 financial year.

The bill provides for the appropriation of money from the National Revenue Fund to meet the state’s requirements and sets conditions for how the funds may be spent.

It gives effect to the national budget tabled by the Minister of Finance and allocates funding to support government programmes, service delivery and the work of national departments and institutions.

In its report to the House, the Standing Committee on Appropriations welcomed the proposed allocation, saying the funds were critical to enabling government to meet its constitutional obligations and developmental priorities.

The committee said it had undertaken an extensive consultation and public participation process while considering the bill. This included engagements with the Financial and Fiscal Commission, the Parliamentary Budget Office, government departments, organised labour, civil society organisations and constitutional institutions.

The committee also invited written and oral submissions from the public in line with the Constitution and the Money Bills Amendment Procedure and Related Matters Act. Public hearings on the bill were held on 3 June.

Submissions dealt with economic growth, job creation, service delivery, social protection, local government funding, infrastructure investment and fiscal oversight.

The committee welcomed additional allocations for healthcare services, public transport infrastructure and the extension of the Social Relief of Distress Grant until 31 March 2027.

It also highlighted the need for adequate funding for Statistics South Africa, saying the institution must be able to continue producing reliable and credible statistical information for planning, policy development and decision-making.

The committee recommended continued engagement between National Treasury, relevant government departments and parliamentary committees on funding needs identified for Statistics South Africa and the National Housing Finance Corporation. It said these matters should be considered during the 2026 Medium-Term Budget Policy Statement process.

It also made recommendations aimed at strengthening oversight of public spending, improving efficiency in government expenditure and ensuring value for money in the use of public resources.

The bill will now be referred to the National Council of Provinces for consideration.

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National Assembly Speaker Thoko Didiza will not oppose President Cyril Ramaphosa’s urgent court bid to stop Parliament’s Phala Phala impeachment inquiry from proceeding.

Didiza, who has been cited as the first respondent in the case, filed a notice indicating that she would abide by the Western Cape High Court’s ruling.

Ramaphosa is seeking an interdict against the National Assembly’s Section 89 impeachment committee while he pursues a review of the independent panel report, which the Constitutional Court ordered Parliament to refer to the committee.

The matter is set down for hearing on 15 and 16 July. Ramaphosa launched the urgent application on 12 June.

The impeachment committee has resolved to oppose the president’s application, saying it remains under a constitutional obligation to continue with the process unless a court orders otherwise. It had also asked Didiza to join the opposition to Ramaphosa’s court bid.

The committee is due to meet on 24 June to consider its draft terms of reference and the appointment of evidence leaders.

The impeachment process was revived after the Constitutional Court ruled on 8 May that the National Assembly’s 2022 decision not to refer the Phala Phala report to an impeachment committee was invalid.

The court ordered that the independent panel report be referred to the impeachment committee for consideration under the National Assembly rules.

The Phala Phala matter relates to the theft of foreign currency from Ramaphosa’s private farm in Limpopo in February 2020. Ramaphosa has denied wrongdoing and has previously said the money came from the sale of buffalo on the farm.

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The National Assembly Rules Committee has resolved to remove the fit and proper rule when it referred the Section 89 Impeachment Committee guidelines to probe President Cyril Ramaphosa’s handling of the theft of foreign currency in the private Phala Phala farm.

In a virtual meeting on Friday, chaired by Speaker Thoko Didiza, the committee deliberated on the rules, and after submissions by members from various political parties, Didiza appealed to the members not to put the rule to a vote but rather refer the guidelines to the National Assembly for a vote without the fit and proper rule.

Her proposal was opposed by the DA and the ANC, with chief whip Mdumiseni Ntuli appealing that the rule must stand and be canvassed at a later stage as the proceedings on the impeachment were ongoing. This was opposed by the main opposition party in parliament the uMkhonto we Sizwe Party, the Economic Freedom Fighters, and other smaller parties.

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The rule has proved contentious since the establishment of the committee, as members questioned who had the authority to decide which member was fit and proper, since all MPs were deemed fit to carry out parliamentary work. They also questioned the criteria that would be used to identify which member was fit and proper.

The fit and proper rule is deemed crucial for a committee that could potentially remove a sitting president and is meant to ensure that members making the final decision on presidential impeachment are legally qualified, unbiased and beyond ethical reproach.

Didiza, addressing the committee after listening to arguments and submissions, said the challenge with the rule of fit and proper was how it was going to be applied since it was not going to be implemented in retrospect.

The speaker added that there was no need to seek a legal opinion on the rule as there was no precedent, and if the committee had to go that route, it would have to look beyond the country’s borders on how other parliaments have interpreted the rule and how they applied it.

She further argued that the rule would still remain subjective.

“It also doesn’t deal with the issue of dispute resolution mechanism because if we are still going to ask the parties to give names having looked at whether these are the people who qualify in the criteria that we have made and when that name has been put, other parties object to it, or even members of the public object to it, and say, but this individual doesn’t meet the fit and proper, so who becomes the arbiter in that instance, and I think that in my view it’s important,” she argued.

Didiza said again if the National Assembly did not determine which member was fit and proper it would still remain subjective and reasoned that perhaps the matter should have been addressed through a constitutional amendment.

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This would have informed the electorate when voting for their public representatives.

“They would have at least met this threshold of fit and proper, so that when members come to parliament, they can serve in any other committees. The issue of propriety, for instance, who will determine it? And I would use a very maybe subjective issue, if a person has had a number of judgments because either they’ve not paid for this or that, if a member is in the credit bureau or whatever, if a member might have been imprisoned and five years or 10 years.

“Who determines how many years must lapse before that member can be regarded as fit and proper?” she asked.

The parliamentary legal service had advised that if the committee agreed to the rule to include fit and proper then for a member to be fit and proper that member must posses both the requisite capacity and character to serve on the impeachment committee.

Further political parties that appoint a member to the committee must ensure that the member was fit and proper.

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Parliament has received the names of MPs who will serve on the impeachment committee that will investigate the Phala Phala scandal involving President Cyril Ramaphosa, the National Assembly said on Monday.

The committee is being established after the Constitutional Court revived impeachment proceedings linked to the 2020 theft of foreign currency from Ramaphosa’s Phala Phala farm, overturning Parliament’s earlier decision not to proceed with an impeachment inquiry.

The deadline for political parties to submit names was Friday, 22 May. Almost all parties met the deadline, except the ANC, which told Parliament it would submit its names over the weekend. The ANC has since submitted its nominees.

The Section 89 impeachment process stems from an independent panel report in 2022 that found preliminary evidence that Ramaphosa may have violated his oath of office.

The matter centres on questions over how $580,000 in cash stolen from his farm was acquired, whether it was declared, and why it was kept in a couch rather than deposited in a bank. Ramaphosa has denied wrongdoing and has said the money came from the sale of buffalo.

Under Parliament’s process, the impeachment committee must investigate the allegations in more detail and make a recommendation to the National Assembly. If it recommends removal, the House would have to debate and vote on the matter, with a two-thirds majority required to remove a president.

Parliament said GOOD and the PAC would not participate in the committee because each party has only one MP, who serve in the executive as ministers.

The committee will include nine ANC MPs: Doris Mpapane, Xola Nqola, Soviet Lekganyane, Faith Muthambi, Cameron Dugmore, Dikeledi Direko, Boyce Maneli, Mirateko Mahlaule and Lusizo Makhubela. Joy Maimela will serve as an alternate.

The DA nominated George Michalakis, Baxolile Nodada, Glynnis Breytenbach, Karabo Khakhau and Nazley Sharif.

The uMkhonto weSizwe Party nominated John Hlophe, Mmabatho Mokoena-Zondi and Khanyisile Litchfield-Tshabalala, while the EFF nominated Julius Malema and Omphile Maotwe.

The IFP nominated Nhlanhla Hadebe, the Patriotic Alliance nominated Marlon Daniels, the Freedom Front Plus nominated Wouter Wessels, and ActionSA nominated Lerato Ngobeni, with Athol Trollip as an alternate.

The ACDP nominated Steve Swart, the UDM nominated Nqabayomzi Kwankwa, Rise Mzansi nominated Makashule Gana, Build One South Africa nominated Mmusi Maimane, the ATM nominated Vuyo Zungula, Al-Jama-ah nominated Imran Ismail-Moosa, the National Coloured Congress nominated Fadiel Adams, and United Africans Transformation nominated LW Mahlatsi.

Parliament previously said Speaker Thoko Didiza had determined that the committee would comprise 31 members drawn from 16 parties represented in the National Assembly, balancing proportional representation with participation by smaller parties.

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President Cyril Ramaphosa has admitted that the failure to reform South Africa’s economy has held back growth, while the electricity crisis has further deterred investment.

Ahead of oral questions, the ATM, Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) and MKP members walked out of the National Assembly over the Constitutional Court’s Phala Phala ruling.

Answering oral questions in the National Assembly on Thursday, Ramaphosa said the structure of the economy has contributed to sluggish growth in the formal private sector and created barriers to small business formation.

“The other challenge, as I said, is the concentration of our economy in terms of ownership. Our economy is small, but it is too concentrated. That has been commented on by international bodies like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, who have said one of the key challenges of the South African economy is that it is too concentrated,” Ramaphosa told parliamentarians.

“Too many large companies control our economy, and the space has not been opened for many other small and medium enterprises to operate. And for that reason, honourable members, we are focusing on enhancing the capabilities of small and medium enterprises so that they can also operate.”

Ramaphosa said government was focusing on a range of interventions, including funding support for small and medium enterprises to enable them to grow and compete in the economy.

He said slow economic growth was undermining job creation, particularly for young people, adding that South Africa must consider a step change in addressing youth unemployment.

Responding to a question on whether the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) should be used to employ young people, Ramaphosa said the military was already part of broader government efforts to train and equip youth with skills through various programmes.

He said the SANDF was working with the private sector and other government departments, including through the South African National Service Institute, which is mandated to implement a comprehensive youth development programme.

“The programme seeks to recruit young people and equip them with a combination of classroom-based training as well as practical work experience. In the course of 2025, 58 matriculants were trained in a character-building programme,” he said.

Ramaphosa said the South Africa Investment Conference remained a key instrument for job creation within a broader government-wide strategy.

“This strategy includes our massive infrastructure investment, the revitalised industrial policy, an overhaul of our skills development system, removing the barriers to small business development and the completion of reforms in our network industries,” he said.

He added that this year’s conference had prompted government to raise its ambition, targeting R3 trillion in new investment over five years, saying the goal remained within reach.

On the joint deployment of soldiers and police under Operation Prosper, Ramaphosa said significant progress had been made in stabilising hotspots and disrupting organised crime in the Western Cape, Eastern Cape, North West, Gauteng and the Free State.

“Given the recent commencement of deployments in certain priority action areas, it is too early to draw definitive conclusions regarding impact. However, indicators suggest a reduction in selected crime categories within the operational areas.

He said more than 1 000 arrests had been made, including 550 in the Western Cape and 238 in the Eastern Cape, with a strong focus on dismantling drug networks, illegal mining syndicates, and tackling serious violent crime.

Ramaphosa said operational intensity had been sustained through more than 38 000 coordinated actions, including roadblocks and targeted tracing operations, resulting in the seizure of 18 firearms, 792 rounds of ammunition and 186 explosives.

“This directly weakens the operational capacity of criminal networks,” he said.

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National Assembly Speaker Thoko Didiza has confirmed that Parliament will begin the process of establishing an impeachment committee to consider the Section 89 inquiry report into President Cyril Ramaphosa following last week’s landmark Constitutional Court ruling on the Phala Phala scandal.

In a statement on Monday, Didiza said the NA would fully comply with the apex court’s order, which declared Rule 129I of the assembly’s rules unconstitutional and invalid, and set aside Parliament’s 2022 decision not to refer the Section 89 panel report to an impeachment committee.

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“The Speaker will initiate the process to constitute the Impeachment Committee in terms of Rules 129J to 129O of the Rules of the National Assembly to consider the section 89 inquiry process contemplated in the Constitution and the Rules of the Assembly,” the statement read.

Didiza confirmed that the independent panel report into the Phala Phala matter would formally be referred to the impeachment committee, as directed by the con court.

Among the immediate steps outlined, the Speaker will formally table the independent panel report through Parliament’s official gazette and provide Ramaphosa with a copy of the report, as required by the ruling.

The Speaker will also refer the judgment to the Subcommittee on the Review of Rules to process amendments required by the ruling.

“The Subcommittee will report on its work to the Rules Committee, which will in turn submit its recommendations to the National Assembly for consideration,” the statement said.

Didiza added that the Speaker would determine the appropriate programme, procedural arrangements, timeframes and institutional support measures necessary to enable the impeachment committee to undertake and finalise its work effectively, fairly and within the framework of the Constitution and the rules of the NA.

The con court ruling also introduced interim wording for Rule 129I pending formal amendments to Parliament’s rules.

Under the revised interpretation, once an independent panel concludes that sufficient evidence exists for a Section 89 inquiry, the matter must automatically be referred to an impeachment committee.

If the panel finds insufficient evidence, the NA may still vote to proceed with an inquiry.

ALSO READ: WATCH: ANC ‘abused its majority’ in Phala Phala vote, says Mapisa-Nqakula

The ruling represents a major political and constitutional setback for Ramaphosa, whose handling of the Phala Phala matter has remained a source of controversy since former State Security Agency director-general Arthur Fraser laid criminal charges against him in 2022.

Parliament said the judgment reaffirmed the constitutional obligations of the NA in relation to accountability, oversight and the constitutional mechanisms established under section 89 of the Constitution.

“Parliament remains committed to discharging these constitutional responsibilities with due regard to constitutionalism, legality, fairness, institutional integrity and the rule of law,” the statement said.

Friday’s judgment effectively revived the impeachment process against Ramaphosa, nearly three-and-a-half years after the NA voted against advancing the inquiry.

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The case stemmed from a challenge brought by the Economic Freedom Fighters and the African Transformation Movement after Parliament rejected the findings of an independent Section 89 panel chaired by former Chief Justice Sandile Ngcobo in December 2022.

That panel had found prima facie evidence that Ramaphosa may have serious questions to answer regarding the theft of about $580 000 in cash allegedly stolen from his Phala Phala game farm in Limpopo in February 2020.

At the time, the ANC used its parliamentary majority to block the report from proceeding to an impeachment inquiry.

In Friday’s ruling, Chief Justice Mandisa Maya apologised for the lengthy delay in handing down judgment, more than 500 days after arguments were heard in November 2024.

Delivering the majority judgment, Maya said the court found that Rule 129I effectively prevented meaningful engagement by MPs on whether impeachment proceedings should continue.

She said the rule undermined constitutional principles of accountability and transparency and was therefore inconsistent with the Constitution.

The court consequently set aside both the rule and the NA’s December 2022 decision rejecting the panel report.

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In a candid May 2026 interview with Mbuyiseni Ndlozi, Mapisa-Nqakula recounted how current ANC Secretary-General Fikile Mbalula allegedly instructed MPs in caucus ahead of the vote.

“Well, today is the day. It’s D-Day. We are going to discuss the report, and we are going to vote. But I want to say to the caucus of the ANC, none of you will vote for this report in favour of this report. It’s a report of the Speaker,” she quoted Mbalula as allegedly saying.

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Pressed by Ndlozi on whether the vote amounted to abuse of parliamentary power, Mapisa-Nqakula responded, “I think we did. I hate to say this, we did. And I’m saying this with all sincerity and honesty… I hang my head in shame because we could have done better.”

She acknowledged that the decision to reject requests for a secret ballot forced ANC MPs to toe the party line rather than vote according to conscience.

“It was not necessary to walk into a caucus and say, you will do what I want you [to do]. It could have been more mature in the manner. Our democracy is maturing. The Constitutional Court has ruled. I hang my head in shame because we could have done better,” she said.

Her admission comes just days after the Constitutional Court declared the 2022 vote unlawful, ruling that Parliament failed in its oversight duty.

The judgment effectively reactivates the Section 89 panel’s findings, which had pointed to prima facie evidence of misconduct by Ramaphosa, and paves the way for an impeachment committee to consider the matter.

ALSO READ: EFF responds to Ramaphosa reported attempt to ‘hide behind court proceedings’

It was in November 2022 that an Independent Panel found evidence of possible serious violations by Ramaphosa. In December 2022, the National Assembly voted 214 to 148 against adopting the report.

Mapisa-Nqakula’s admission comes as she faces her own legal challenges.

She resigned as Speaker in April 2024 following a probe for which she faces 12 counts of corruption and one count of money laundering. The state has accused her of receiving and soliciting R4.5m related to an army transport tender, with R2.1m allegedly received in cash. The matter has been set down for trial, starting on 20 July.

She has maintained that the charges were politically motivated, claiming they began after she convened the Phala Phala inquiry.

Her confession that the ANC deliberately used its majority to block accountability anchors one of the most direct acknowledgments, as it adds weight to opposition claims that Parliament was coerced to protect the president.

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The exchange took place during Ramaphosa’s oral reply session in the National Assembly at the Nieuwmeester Dome in Cape Town.

It came in the same week that a video clip — in which a woman dressed in ANC regalia is seen telling community members to take “one loaf [for] one family, from the ANC” — went viral.

Bread does not heal the sick, clinics do, said Malema.

“Our people want clinics and health facilities that are in good condition,” Malema told Ramaphosa.

He reminded the House that the EFF tabled a private member’s bill in 2018 that would require clinics to operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The proposal was ultimately rejected.

While the ANC busied itself with handouts, South Africans were left queuing outside locked clinic doors at midnight, desperate for care, the EFF leader said.

He pressed Ramaphosa directly, urging him to act now rather than wait for the delayed National Health Insurance scheme.

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He cited the dire state of facilities like George Mukhari Academic Hospital and Chilidzini, where outsourcing and corruption had crippled services.

“Stop giving people bread in exchange for votes. Give them what will change their lives for the better,” he said.

Ramaphosa agreed. He acknowledged that rural communities were distressed and in need of 24-hour clinics.

“Honourable Malema, you will be pleased to know — maybe for the very first time — that I agree with you,” he said.

He added that staffing was the main obstacle, saying clinics could not remain open without nurses and, ideally, a doctor on standby.

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He endorsed the EFF’s proposal in principle, calling it “ideal” and promised to push the Department of Health to act.

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The National Assembly on Tuesday approved a third extension of the ad hoc committee probing allegations of criminal infiltration, corruption and political interference in South Africa’s justice and security system, pushing the committee’s reporting deadline to the end of March.

The extension was adopted without objection during a brief virtual sitting of the House, chaired by National Assembly Speaker Thoko Didiza, after the committee said that it required additional time to conclude its work and finalise its report.

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Opening the sitting, Didiza explained the procedural context and confirmed that the meeting, although virtual, carried the same legal standing as a physical sitting of Parliament.

The motion to extend the committee’s deadline was formally tabled by ANC chief whip Mdumiseni Ntuli.

“Madam Speaker and honourable members, I’m standing here to present a draft resolution that the House extends the deadline by which the ad hoc committee to investigate allegations made by Lieutenant General Nhlanhla Mkhwanazi has to complete its tasks to the 31st of March, 2026,” Ntuli said.

After calling for objections, Didiza announced: “No objection. The motion or the resolution has been agreed to.”

Since it started, the committee has heard testimony from several high-profile witnesses, including suspended Police Minister Senzo Mchunu, his predecessor Bheki Cele, tenderpreneur and alleged underworld figure Vusimuzi ‘Cat’ Matlala, and private forensic examiner Paul O’Sullivan.

The committee’s original deadline was October 2025, later extended to 20 February 2026.

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Parliament has previously been told that the latest extension is necessary to allow the committee to engage outstanding witnesses and properly process its findings.  

Before turning to the sole item on the order paper, the speaker also announced changes to the composition of the House following the resignation of former MP Brian Molefe, confirming the swearing-in of Mmabatho Mokoena-Zondi and her designation as chief whip of the uMkhonto weSizwe Party.

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Justice Minister Mmamoloko Kubayi has told members of parliament about how the department was improving South Africa’s response to gender-based violence and corruption.

Answering questions in the National Assembly, Kubayi said the justice department was strengthening oversight of the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA), bolstering the justice system’s response to gender-based violence and femicide (GBVF), and updating anti-corruption legislation, including whistle-blower protection.

She said a new complaints and accountability mechanism for the Investigating Directorate (ID) and the Investigating Directorate Against Corruption (IDAC) would be headed by retired judge Takalani Joseph Raulinga.

The section has not yet come into force and several steps remain, including regulations, parliamentary scrutiny and a presidential proclamation.

“In this regard, I approved the regulations on 10 October 2025,” Kubayi said, adding that the remaining processes — submission of the regulations to Parliament, finalisation of the appointment and the proclamation — were underway.

She said Raulinga had not yet started work and would only be paid for services rendered once the section commenced. A public announcement would follow once all legal requirements were met.

Kubayi mostly focused on GBVF, a long-running crisis that has driven protests and policy pledges and remains a test of the justice system’s credibility.

“In the previous financial year, 19 sexual offences courts were established, and in this financial year, 16 courts are being established,” she told MPs, adding that one of the new courts would be officially opened on Thursday in Botshabelo, Free State.

She said 40 courts were being upgraded this financial year “to provide a catalogue of survivor-centred support services”.

Thuthuzela Care Centres, specialised facilities for rape and sexual assault survivors, had grown to 66 since 2022, she said, “and it is our plan to increase the footprint with [an] additional four”.

The department has introduced a multisectoral “100 Days Challenge” to cut the time it takes to finalise domestic violence and sexual-offence cases.

A directive now requires that protection orders be served by court clerks within 24 hours of being issued, she said, and the department has appointed ad hoc intermediaries to prevent cases being postponed because of staff shortages.

She said the National Register for Sex Offenders (NRSO) was increasingly being used to screen people who work with vulnerable groups.

“In the protection of vulnerable groups, from April 2025 to October 2025, a total of 40 063 NRSO clearance certificates have been issued. The ultimate goal is to make the register public, the review of existing Legislation is underway as a draft Bill has been developed and currently under consultation,” she said.

Regarding corruption, Kubayi said the department had prepared a draft bill to amend the Special Investigating Unit and Special Tribunals Act, to clarify the powers and funding of the Special Investigating Unit (SIU), strengthen remedial action and improve preservation and forfeiture procedures through the Special Tribunal.

A second bill focuses on whistle-blower protection.

The Protected Disclosure Bill “has been finalised” and is currently being processed in the Justice, Crime Prevention and Security (JCPS) Cluster of Cabinet, she said.

Further amendments to the NPA Act are also being worked on inside the department, while the South African Law Reform Commission was in the final stages of reviewing the Criminal Procedure Act.

Kubayi said the department had also studied the report of the National Anti-Corruption Advisory Council (NACAC), which was submitted to President Cyril Ramaphosa earlier this year. A technical consultation workshop with law enforcement agencies had already been held. Preliminary comments received would be processed to the JCPS ministerial cluster.

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